The following articles are from the Hispanic language
After cellular and animal experiments, hydrogen was observed to be effective in clinical studies. The following are the results of research on human diseases, which is the summary of human trials in the recent review by Korean scholars. However, there are many omissions of the summary, such as the research on dry eye disease in ophthalmic diseases, multiple studies on hydrogen treatment of cancer, the clinical study on hydrogen water bathing for psoriasis, the study on hydrogen treatment for COPD, and the study on the side effects of hydrogen on cancer treatment.
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)
IGT refers to that the blood glucose is higher than the normal level when the same amount of glucose is ingested. Although the subject with IGT does not have any symptoms of diabetes at present, he will soon become type 2 diabetes if he does not pay attention to the ability to reduce blood sugar . Kajiyama et al. Studied the effect of hydrogen on IGT and T2DM subjects through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study (because both are under oxidative stress, which is due to increased production of reactive oxygen species). The subjects were 30 T2DM patients and 6 IGT patients controlled by diet and exercise therapy. Patients took 900 ml / day of hydrogen water or 900 ml of placebo water (PW) 8 weeks, 12 weeks washout period. The intake of hydrogen water was associated with a significant decrease in the levels of modified low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), low-density LDL and urinary 8-isoprostane, as well as an increase in plasma adiponectin and extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD). These results suggest that hydrogen water supplementation may have beneficial effects on the prevention of T2DM and insulin resistance.
Nakao et al. Observed the effect of hydrogen on subjects with one or more of the following conditions: 1) BMI, 25.0-34.9 kg / m2; 2) Waist circumference greater than 100 cm; Fasting blood glucose: 5.2 ~ 6.9 mmol/L; Prehypertension (systole: 139 mmHg or less, diastole: 80-89 mmHg). Subjects were asked to drink 300-400 ml of this hydrogen water (0.55-0.65 mm: 1.1-1.3 Ppm) 5 times a day (morning, before breakfast, before lunch, after lunch and before bed) for 8 weeks. In this experiment, the metal magnesium rod was put into drinking water, and the solution was prepared by Mg + H2O → Mg (OH)2+ H2. The chemical reaction of hydrogen produces hydrogen water. Results: SOD in urine increased and tbar (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) decreased; High density lipoprotein (HDL) - cholesterol in blood increased and total cholesterol / HDL cholesterol decreased. These results suggest that drinking hydrogen water is a safe, simple and preventive strategy for metabolic syndrome.
So far, all studies have used hydrogen melted water to monitor the effectiveness of hydrogen. However, it has been reported that some drugs can increase the hydrogen concentration in our body. These drugs are α- Glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose and voglibose). It is well known that these drugs can inhibit the digestion of carbohydrates in the intestine, thereby inhibiting postprandial hyperglycemia, which is considered as a trigger of cardiovascular disease. When IGT patients were given 100 Mg acarbose, three times a day, for about 3 years. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and myocardial infarction was observed to decrease. When voglibose (0.9 Mg) was administered to obese T2DM patients once a day for 3 consecutive weeks, after which postprandial hyperglycemia and blood lipids, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in blood and 8-Isoprostaglandin F2 in urine α And the excretion of 8-deoxyguanosine was significantly reduced. The results of two groups showed that, α- The reason why glucosidase inhibitors reduce cardiovascular complications is to reduce oxidative stress.
Flatulence is the treatment α- The main side effect of glucosidase inhibitors is gas formation due to the fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by colonic bacteria. Suzuki believes that hydrogen is formed during colon fermentation and distributed to the body. If this is true, α- The beneficial effect of glucosidase inhibitors on cardiovascular effects in patients with IGT and T2DM is due to the antioxidant effect of hydrogen. To prove this hypothesis, they analyzed exhaled volunteers who ate 300 mg of acarbose (100 mg three times a day) for 4 days and found that hydrogen increased by 70 -90 ppm, which is higher than about 60 ppm, obtained after drinking 900 ml of 1.2 ppm hydrogen. Therefore, Suzuki strongly recommends α- The beneficial effect of glucosidase inhibitors on cardiovascular disease is due to the formation of hydrogen, rather than the reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
Dialysis patients
Patients with long-term dialysis treatment complained of various side effects, including elevated blood pressure and inflammation. Hydrogen containing (0.45 Ppm) dialysate, three times a week for 6 months, and hydrogen tests were performed for these side effects. The results showed that systolic hypertension was significantly reduced, plasma monocyte attractant protein 1 and myeloperoxidase levels were decreased, and no side effects of hydrogen dialysis were observe.
Acute cerebral infarction
As mentioned earlier, acute cerebral infarction is a typical ischemia-reperfusion disease. Therefore, reactive oxygen species are closely related to brain tissue damage. Based on this, a drug called edaravone was used to treat stroke. Edaravone is one of the most toxic drugs. Since hydrogen has also been found to be a scavenger of •OH4, hydrogen and edaravone have also been used to treat stroke patients. All patients were sent within 4 to 24 hours of the onset of symptoms. Group E was given edaravone 30 Mg intravenously twice a day; The EH group was treated with edaravone plus hydrogen saline (0.5 ppm hydrogen 300ml) twice a day for 7 days. In terms of magnetic resonance imaging, both group E and EH had therapeutic effects on MRI, but the effect of EH group was better. Based on this result, the authors believe that hydrogen is helpful to treat this acute brain dysfunction.
Inflammatory muscle disease
Ito et al tested the effect of hydrogen on muscle inflammatory diseases. They performed an open label test in 5 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD), 4 patients with polymyositis / dermatomyositis (pm/dm), and 5 patients with mitochondrial myopathy (mm), drinking 1.0 L/per day Hydrogen water, lasting for 12 weeks, 18 serum parameters and urinary 8-isoprostaglandins were measured every 4 weeks. After the open label trial, they conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial on 10 patients with diabetes and 12 patients with mm, i.e., 500 ml of hydrogen water or PW per day for 8 weeks, and 18 serum parameters were measured every 4 weeks.
In the open label trial, no objective improvement or deterioration of clinical symptoms was observed. However, the lactate pyruvate ratio of PMD and mm, fasting blood glucose of PMD, and serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 of pm/dm (MMP3) and serum triglycerides of PM / DM were significantly affected. The hydrogen water group was observed: in the double-blind trial, no objective clinical effect was observed, but mM lactate level, mM lactate pyruvate ratio and DM lactate pyruvate ratio were significantly improved. Hydrogen water improves mm mitochondrial dysfunction and PM / DM inflammatory process. Compared with the open label test, the impact of the double-blind test is not significant, which may be due to the lower hydrogen dose and shorter observation time, which means the threshold effect or dose-response effect of hydrogen.
Patients receiving radiation therapy
The quality of life of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy is seriously degraded due to various side effects, including fatigue. However, it is well known that these side effects are related to reactive oxygen species produced by radiation. To evaluate the effect of hydrogen on the side effects of radiotherapy, we conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled study of 49 patients who received radiotherapy for malignant liver tumors and were asked to take hydrogen water (0.55-0.65 mm) for 6 weeks. Compared with the placebo group, the hydrogen water group decreased the active oxygen metabolites in the blood and improved the quality of life score during radiotherapy. Researchers believe that daily intake of hydrogen rich water is a potential novel therapeutic strategy that can improve the quality of life after radiation exposure.
Skin wrinkles
Skin wrinkles are typical signs of aging. Kato et al conducted experiments to evaluate the effect of hydrogen on human skin wrinkles. Five healthy women (14-65 years old) and one healthy man (55 years old) participated in this study. The subjects were soaked with hydrogen water (0.19-0.41 ppm, 41 °C) for more than 5 minutes. Wrinkles on the back of the neck were observed by a silicon model. Wrinkles were significantly improved in 4 subjects. The results show that continuous use of hydrogen water can reduce the oxidative stress of skin and prevent the formation of wrinkles. Therefore, hydrogen water bath can be used to prevent skin aging. They also confirmed the anti-aging effect of hydrogen water in ultraviolet A-irradiated fibroblasts (OUMS-36) and keratinocytes (HaCaT). The results showed that: after treated by hydrogen water for 3~5 days , the synthesis of type I collagen in fibroblasts was 1.85 ~ 2.03 times than PW. Immunostaining showed that collagen was preferentially distributed around the nucleus. Hydrogen water in ultraviolet A Application in keratinocytes under (UVA) irradiation significantly prevented cell death and DNA damage, such as nuclear condensation and debris. Hydrogen and water significantly inhibited the production of superoxide anion induced by ultraviolet.
Fatigue after exercise
In order to generate the energy required for exercise, it will lead to a large increase in oxygen consumption. The increase of oxygen consumption must be accompanied by the increase of active oxygen. Therefore, excessive exercise is considered harmful. Aoki et al evaluated the effect of hydrogen on excessive exercise. Ten male football players took part in the experiment. Hydrogen water is prepared by immersing a magnesium rod in drinking water for 24 hours. The hydrogen concentration was 0.92 ~1.02 mm (about 2 ppm). Give the subject 3 bottles of 500ml The subjects were required to drink one bottle of hydrogen water at 10:00 p.m., 5:00 a.m. and 6:20 a.m. the day before the test. The subjects were asked to use the bicycle dynamometer for 30 minutes with the maximum oxygen uptake of 75%, and then measure the peak torque, and repeat 100 times of maximum isokinetic knee extension exercises. Oral hydrogen water can prevent the increase of blood lactate during strenuous exercise. At maximum isokinetic knee extension, peak torque was significantly reduced in PW group (a sign of muscle fatigue), but not in hydrogen water group. The results show that hydrogen water may be suitable for the hydration of athletes.
Another group of investigators observed the effect of hydrogen water on the oxidative stress caused by running in healthy subjects (aged 45-55 years, 8 male and 8 female subjects). The subjects had no special disease, and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 90 - 150mmhg and 60 - 100mmhg respectively. Hydrogen water (0.8-1.2 Ppm) is jivaqua, JV produced by hyunsung vital (Seoul, Korea) 350 type water electrolysis. After blood collection (2 ml), participants were asked to run at a speed of 8 km / h for 30 minutes on a treadmill. After running, blood was collected immediately, and then participants were asked to drink 1000 ml of hydrogen water, and then blood was collected at 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes. Malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2 -Deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and lactic acid. The level of 8-oxodG in blood increased significantly after exercise. Its level in hydrogen water group was significantly lower than that in PW group. The effect of hydrogen water is more obvious in women than in men. The results of MDA and 8-oxodG were very similar. There was no significant difference in the level of L-lactic acid between the two groups. The data showed that one-time drinking hydrogen water can inhibit the oxidative stress caused by exercise.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ishibashi et al tested the effectiveness of hydrogen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drank 530 ml of 4- 5 ppm hydrogen molecules. After the 4-week washout period, the patient drank hydrogen water for another 4 weeks. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed at the end of every 4 weeks. Drinking hydrogen water can make the hydrogen concentration in the body exceed 1.6 Ppm (saturation level of water). Urinary 8-OHdG significantly decreased by 14.3% In the same period. After the flushing period, both urinary 8-OHdG and mean CRP decreased compared with that at the end of the drinking period. During the second drinking of hydrogen water, the mean CRP decreased, while the urinary 8-OHdG did not decrease further, but it was still lower than the baseline value. Of all 5 patients, 4 had complete disappearance of symptoms at the end of the study
Erythematous dermatosis
Ono et al. performed hydrogen test on patients with acute erythematous dermatosis. All 4 patients were injected with 500ml hydrogen water intravenously within 30 minutes for more than 3 days, except for one patient who was only injected once. The erythema and related symptoms of 4 patients were significantly improved after hydrogen treatment, and there was no recurrence. The use of hydrogen water did not cause blood chemistry deterioration. Blood samples were taken from two volunteers (one for intravenous injection of hydrogen water and the other for inhalation of hydrogen) before, during and after administration, and air samples were collected from heavy plastic bags covering the legs. These samples were immediately tested for hydrogen concentration by gas chromatography. The hydrogen content in the blood of volunteers increased rapidly, and there was a correlation between the hydrogen dose and the effect.
